Paul Garth's Projects & Actions

For learning MySQL, and specifically Maria, I’m referring to O’Reilly’s “Learning MySQL and MariaDB” by Russell J.T. Dyer. This reference appears to have some core folk who were at the beginnings of both developments.

With new systems, it’s always fun to “hack” around with various commands (which don’t change anything) to inspect the system and learn more about the system/infrastructure. I don’t know where the IONOS systems are housed or what the underlying hardware is, but that’s OK.

Referencing this site for the following:

uname -srm (what version of Linux kernel is running)
Linux 4.4.284-icpu-077 x86_64 (Looks like Linux ver 4.4.284 running on a 64-bit x86 box)
Note: This could also be a Virtual Machine, so who really knows.

cat /etc/os-release (Finding out the Linux distribution)
Debian GNU/Linux 10 (buster)

Forums have always been a great resource for learning and helping others:
https://mariadb.com/kb/en/community/

Now that I have access to MariaDB (Hosted by IONOS), I want to confirm which version is running.

After logging in
-After logging in, it answers this with:
Server version: 10.5.12-MariaDB-1:10.5.12+maria~buster-log mariadb.org binary distribution
-Of course, that means I have version 10.5.12 running as of 20220117

How to check the version at any time?:
– SELECT VERSION();
-That responded with:
+——————————————–+
| version() |
+——————————————–+
| 10.5.12-MariaDB-1:10.5.12+maria~buster-log |
+——————————————–+
1 row in set (0.000 sec)

How to cross check versioning with the MariaDB org?
-Aside from going directly to the MariaDB or, I also check this site
-10.5 was released 3 December 2019; has status of “Old stable (GA); with an end-of life of Jun 2025.
-According to this site, version 10.7 came out 17 Sep 2021 and has current version 10.7.1.
-According to MariaDB.org — Latest MariaDB releases 10.8.0 (Alpha), 10.7.1 (RC), 10.6.5, 10.5.13, 10.4.22, 10.3.32, 10.2.41
-Bottom-line… IONOS is a bit out-of-date, but the end of life is in a couple years, so I’m sure it will be upgraded at some point. Good enough for now.

The Server is a running program called: mysqld (d stands for daemon)
The Client is a key program for basic MySQL Client: mysql

Desired Outcome:

Access MariaDB Database (hosted on IONOS), via SSH, using Command Line, from my Mac Endpoint.

In the past I had written a post about this, which is good as it reminded me of some details regarding saving profiles.

Software application to make connection
-The included terminal application within MacOS should suffice
-I’m using iTerm2, currently have version 3.1.5, and the latest is 3.4.15, which is still good for my relatively older MacOS of Mojave (10.14.6). For now, I’ll stick to my current version.

Find the SSH information
-In my case, my ISP package includes an SSH username, but suggestion is to confirm true before buying a new ISP account.
-Always takes me a while to find this, but within IONOS, Hosting, SFTP & SSH, is a section which tells me my Server name (homexxxxxxxxxx.1and1-data.host) and Main User (uxxxxxxxx). I use this info for making connections via FileZilla (FTP port 22 uploads and downloads) and also for SSH access. Now that I know this, I’ll add it to my systems awareness for working within iTerm2.

Making an SSH Connection within iTerm2
-Run the iTerm2 application
-Note: I need the following: servername; SSH username and SSH password
-ssh homexxxxxxxxxx.1and1-data.host -l uxxxxxxx
-Enter the password for SSH

NOTE: I’m still working on this, but I need to include the “-l” before the username, to make it work.
-Now I have an SSH connection between iTerm2 and IONOS

Connecting in to the MariaDB, hosted by IONOS
-I used this post from IONOS to give me an idea of what’s needed
-I have Web Hosting, so it’s – mysql -u dbo123456789 -h db123456789.db.1and1.com -p db123456789
-Note: That looks like mysql with the database username and the servername and the database name
-It will then prompt for the password, which is the database password (not the SSH password)
-It responded with – MariaDB [dbsxxxxxxx]>
-Note: I confirmed that the database name is correct – I’m using x’s here.
-Now I have accessed the command line of the MariaDB database